Information System

Definition:

• Based on Information Systems Today: Managing in the Digital World book

1. Managing in the Digital World

Information System today

• The proliferation of mobile devices such as smart phones, tablets, and iPads are all around us
  • Changes in technology enables new ways of working and socializing
• “Knowledge Worker” - Peter Drucker
  • Typically professionals who are relatively well educated and who create, modify, and/or synthesize knowledge as a fundamental part of their jobs
  • earned more and rise in leadership, Knowledge Society emerge
• E-Business: org that uses information technologies or system support nearly every part of its business → blurring knowledge works and manual workers
• Digital literacy:
  • ability social network: to use appropriate technology to communicate and collaborate with peers, colleagues, family , and general public
  • digital citizenship: use these skills to acively participate in civic society and contribute to a vibrant, informed and engaged community
• → Digital divide challenge: people are left behind in information age by those who has digital literacy
• Globalization:
  • increased outsourcing: for
    • To reduce or control costs
    • To free up internal resources
    • To gain access to world-class capabilities
    • To increase the revenue potential of the organization
    • To reduce time to market
    • To increase process efficiencies
    • To be able to focus on core activities
    • To compensate for a lack of specific capabilities or skills
  • Digital density: the amount of connected data per unit of activity
    • drivers of digital density:
      • connections: more connections between people and organizations
      • Data: more data from each node
      • interactions: increasing connections and data enable new value-added interactions and business models
• Five IT megatrends:
  • Mobile
  • Social media
  • IoT
  • Cloud Computing
  • Big Data:
    • 5V of big data: Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity, and Value

IS defined:

• Data vs Information vs Knowledge

Data	Information	Knowledge
raw symbols	formatted data	data relationships
123x	123x is a SSN	123x is John’s SSN, combining with other tables

• Information systems can help organizations
  • Be more productive and profitable
  • Gain competitive advantage
  • Reach more customers
  • Improve customer service
• Types of IS:

Type	Purpose
Transaction processing systems	process day-to-day business event
Management Information system	produce detailed information to help manage a firm
Decision support system
Decision support system (DSS)
Intelligent system
Business intelligence system
Office automation system
Enterprise Resource Planning system	Financial, operations, and human resource management

Dual Nature of IS

• IS for competitive advantage
  • while the use of technology can enable efficiency and while information systems must provide a return on investment, technology use can also be strategic and a powerful enabler of competitive advantage.

IS ethics:

• PAPA
  • Privacy
  • Accuracy
  • Property: intellectual property (IP)
  • Accessibity: proper hiring, training, and supervision of employees who have access to the data and implement the necessary software and hardware security safeguards.
• The guidelines prohibit:
  • Using a computer to harm others
  • Interfering with other people’s computer work
  • Snooping in other people’s files
  • Using a computer to steal
  • Using a computer to bear false witness
  • Copyright or using proprietary software without paying for it
  • Using other people’s computer resources without authorization or compensation
  • Appropriating other people’s intellectual output